Gain critical insights into the federal budgeting process, financial systems, and internal controls. Designed for auditors seeking to improve financial literacy and audit effectiveness.
Overview
Syllabus
Module 1: The Size and Scope of the National Budget
- Explore the U.S. national debt, annual deficit, and budget authority concepts
- Analyze mandatory vs. discretionary spending and spending trends
- Interpret real-time data on revenue and expenditures using government sources
- Understand the implications of deficit spending for federal auditors
Module 2: The Federal Budget Cycle
- Review the phases of the budget cycle from formulation to execution
- Understand budget authority, apportionment, allotments, and obligations
- Differentiate between reprogramming and illegal transfers of funds
- Explore year-end closeout practices, including unfunded requirements (UFRs)
Module 3: The Functions of Budget and Finance Professionals
- Meet key players in financial operations: CFOs, analysts, accountants, certifying officers
- Understand their roles in formulation, execution, reporting, and compliance
- Identify audit-relevant responsibilities of each function
Module 4: The Lifecycle of Federal Financial Transactions
- Follow a federal dollar from appropriation through disbursement
- Identify key internal controls and transaction documentation steps
- Understand how to detect and address unliquidated obligations (ULOs)
Module 5: Sources of Financial Authority and Internal Controls
- Review critical federal guidance including GAO’s Red Book, Green Book, and OMB Circulars
- Apply the Purpose, Time, and Amount tests for spending legitimacy
- Link funding to performance through the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA)
Module 6: Communications: Interactions and Restrictions
- Understand rules for communicating budget data within and outside the agency
- Navigate restrictions related to Congressional inquiries and the Anti-Lobbying Act
- Review OIG audit communication exceptions
Module 7: Wrapping It All Up
- Explore financial intelligence resources and government-wide collaboration forums
- Understand the role of technology in data integrity and auditability
- Reinforce the auditor's role in safeguarding federal funds and performance accountability
Taught by
Mark Gebicke, Penny Popps, and Lyndon S. Remias