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Advanced Geomechanics - Fall 2020

D Nicolas Espinoza via YouTube

Overview

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Explore advanced geomechanics concepts through this comprehensive university-level course delivered at The University of Texas at Austin. Master fundamental principles of continuum mechanics including stress tensors, principal stresses, Mohr circles, and stress tensor decomposition. Delve into elasticity problems by studying equilibrium, kinematic, and constitutive laws while solving Navier equations for plane-strain scenarios and wellbore stress determination from sonic logs. Examine the mechanics of saturated porous solids, covering particle-fluid interactions, poroelasticity, effective stress principles, drained and undrained loading conditions, and consolidation theory with applications to overpressure and reservoir depletion stress paths. Investigate inelastic behavior through failure criteria analysis including Coulomb and Griffith models, plasticity yield surfaces, post-peak behavior, creep mechanisms, and grain crushing phenomena. Study the mechanics of open mode fractures using linear elastic fracture mechanics, PKN-KGD models, wellbore fracture tests, hydraulic fracture propagation in heterogeneous media, stress interference in multistage fracturing, and fracture behavior in unconsolidated sands. Apply theoretical knowledge through practical workshops covering stress log interpretation, vertical stress computation from density data, fracture stress calculations, mechanical earth model population, poroelastic parameter determination, failure analysis in deviated wellbores, Cam-clay model applications, and stress shadow effects in fracture interaction scenarios.

Syllabus

Covered topics in Advanced Geomechanics PGE 383 (UT Austin)
L01 The Stress Tensor
L02 Cauchy's equilibrium equation and vertical stress derivation
L03 Principal Geo-Stresses and Faulting Regimes in the Subsurface
L04 Stress invariants, isotropic and deviatoric stress components, stress path
WP1.1 Reading a stress log
WP1.2 Computing total vertical stress from density data (well logging) and wellbore deviation survey
L05 Stress projection on a plane (fault/fracture/interface): 2D and 3D
WP2 Calculating shear and effective normal stresses on fractures and faults
L06 General Solution of Continuum Mechanics Problem
L07 Kinematic equations: small strains
L08 Constitutive equations: Linear elasticity (orthohombic, VTI, isotropic)
WP3 Horizontal stress computed as a function of depth with linear isotropic elasticity
L09 Horizontal stresses predicted by linear isotropic elasticity
L10 Populating a Mechanical Earth Model (isotropic case)
L11 Elastic anisotropy measurement in the laboratory: static and dynamic loading
L12 Elastic anisotropy quantification: dimensionless parameters, experimental data and models
L13 Derivation of Navier's elasticity equation (linear elastic isotropic)
L14 Variational formulation for continuum mechanics
WP4 Solution of Navier's Equation: stresses around wellbores and fractures
L15 Solution to 2D elasticity with FreeFEM++ and visualization with Paraview
L16 The porous solid: bulk strain, solid strain and porosity strain
L17 Fundamental poroelasticity equations and poroelastic parameters
WP5 Determination of Biot coefficient and horizontal stress prediction after depletion
L18 Indirect determination and direct measurement of the Biot coefficient
L19 Poroelasticity: more than an effective stress equation
L20 Poroelastic drained solution of in-situ stress and change with depletion
L21 Pore pressure diffusivity equation for fluid flow coupled with poroelasticity
L22 Undrained loading: change of pore pressure, undrained bulk modulus and Skempton coefficient
L23 Thermo-elasticty: subsurface engineering applications and constitutive equation
L24 Thermal stresses in reservoirs and wellbores
L25 Heat equation coupled with elasticity and thermo-poro-elasticity
L26 Chemo-mechanical coupled processes: shale and organic matter swelling
L27 Elasto-visco-plastic response: creep, stress relaxation, and strain-rate dependent stiffness
L28 Inelastic deformation examples in subsurface engineering applications
L29 Tresca and von Mises yield surfaces
L30 Mohr-Coulomb, Dracker-Prager, and Modified Lade yield criteria
WP7 Shear and tensile failure in deviated wellbores
L31 Determination of plastic strains with the flow rule
L32 Cam-Clay model (Part 1): critical state line, yield surface and isotropic consolidation line
L33 Cam-Clay model (Part 2): calculation of elastic and plastic strains
L34 Brittle to ductile failure transition in rocks
WP8 Cam-clay model application to over-pressure prediction and calculation of plastic strains
L35 Breakdown pressure and ideal hydraulic fracture orientation (video fixed)
L36 Introduction to the coupled fluid-driven fracture problem
L37 Pressurized fractured problem: linear elastic fracture mechanics solution
L38 Coupled fluid-driven fracture problem: PKN step-by-step solution
L39 Fluid-driven fracture propagation regimes in porous media
L0507a Multistage Hydraulic Fracturing, microseismicity, and fracture swarms
WP9 Stress shadows and fracture interaction
L40 Microseismicity in multistage hydraulic fracturing, seismic and aseismic shear slip
L41 Subcritical fracture propagation: implications for natural fractures and hydraulic fracturing

Taught by

D Nicolas Espinoza

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