ABOUT THE COURSE:The main objective of this course is to introduce undergraduate students of different engineering and science branches to the molecular level approach to understand different physical processes. This course covers the properties of perfect and imperfect gases, solutions, and solids. It will also lay foundation of classical thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, reaction rates and electrochemical cells. Thus this course will give the students a broader spectrum of skills as well as a better understanding of the basics of physical chemistry.INTENDED AUDIENCE: Under Graduate Students of All Engineering and Science BranchesINDUSTRY SUPPORT: Different petrochemical and pharmaceutical companies

Syllabus

Week 1: Atomic Theory and Mole Concept -Planck’s quantum theory, the atomic spectra, Bohr’s theory, Sommerfield theory, Uncertainty principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle, Wave mechanics, Schrodinger equation, Concepts of molarity, molality and mole fraction
Week 2:The Gaseous State -Gas Laws, Kinetic Theory of Gases, Maxwell’s Distribution of Molecular Velocities, Collision in Gas, Mean Free Path, Perfect Gas, Deviation from ideal behavior, reduced equation of state, compressibility factors, intermolecular forces
Week 3:Thermodynamics-Concepts of heat, work and internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, enthalpy, heat capacity
Week 4:Thermodynamics -Spontaneous processes, second law of thermodynamics, Carnot cycle, concept of entropy, Gibbs and Helmholtz Free Energy
Week 5:Chemical Kinetics -Order and molecularity of a reaction, basic kinetic laws, first, second and third order reactions, determination of order of a reaction, simultaneous reactions, opposing and consecutive reactions, The Arrhenius Equation, The collision Theory, The transition state theory, chain reactions.
Week 6:Chemical Equilibrium -The law of mass action, equilibrium constants, the reaction isotherm, La Chatelier’s Principle, External Effects of Equilibria
Week 7:Phase Equilibria -Phase rule, phase diagram of one, two and three component systems, Liquid-Liquid and Solid-Solid Equilibria, Eutectic point
Week 8:Dilute Solutions: Colligative Properties -Raoult’s and Henry’s law, Ideal Solution, Deviations from Raoult’s law, lowering of vapour pressure, Elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point, osmosis, osmotic pressure, molecular weight determination, abnormal behavior of solutions.
Week 9:Ionic Equilibrium -Sparingly Soluble Salt, Solubility Products and their applications, acids and bases, ionic product of water, hydrolysis of salt solutions.
Week 10:Electrochemical Cells - Galvanic Cells, EMF and Free Energy Change, EMF and Equilibrium Constant, Standard Electrode Potentials, Liquid Junction Potentials, Concentration Cells, Potentiometric Titrations
Week 11:The Colloidal State -The Colloid System, preparation of sols, dialysis, classification of colloids, properties of lyophobic sols, electrophoresis, zeta potential, stability of sols, properties of lyophilic sols, Avogadro Number Determinations, Macromolecules, Donnan Equilibrium, Sedimentation, Ultracentrifuge, Association Colloid, Emulsions.
Week 12:The Solid State -The laws of crystallography, Types and Macroscopic Properties of Solids, , Close-packing in crystals, atomic and ionic radii, radius ratio rules, lattice energy-Born Haber Cycle, isomorphism and heat capacity of solids.