Cross-equatorial Flow and the Hadley Cell

Explore the complexities of cross-equatorial atmospheric flow and the Hadley Cell in this 46-minute AGU Fall Meeting lecture. Delve into the limitations of traditional Hadley Cell theories based on angular momentum conservation and mixing. Examine how potential vorticity (PV) conservation constrains air movement between hemispheres, and learn about the mechanisms that overcome these constraints near the surface and in the upper troposphere. Investigate the role of PV streamers, westerly waves on oceanic ITCZs, and convective events in monsoon regions in facilitating cross-equatorial mass flux. Consider the implications of these processes for weather and climate systems.