College Physics

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Aligned with the strategic goal of becoming a "world-class applied technical university" and guided by the educational philosophy of "crafting dreams with a humanistic touch," this course focuses on producing applied technical and vocational skills talent that meets industry demands through close industry-education integration. Using physics knowledge as a core foundation, the course emphasizes training in scientific thinking and the integration of scientific spirit. It teaches students to use fundamental physics research methods to simplify real-world problems, build physical models, and analyze and solve related physics challenges.

Syllabus

0 Introduction of preliminary vector operation

0.1 Scalars and vectors
0.2 Addition and subtraction of vectors
0.3 Vector scalar product
0.4 Vector product
0.5 Derivative of vector
0.6 Vector differentiation
0.7 Integration of vector
0.8 Summary of preliminary vector operations

1 Particle kinematics

1.1 Reference frame, coordinate system, and particle
1.2 Position vector and equation of motion
1.3 Displacement and velocity
1.4 Acceleration
1.5 Basic problems of particle kinematics
1.6 Velocity and acceleration in natural coordinate system
1.7 Circular motion and its angular description
1.8 Relative motion

2 Newton's laws

2.1 Newton's laws
2.2 Common forces
2.3 Application of Newton's laws
2.4 Inertial and non-inertial frames

3 Conservation of motion and conservation laws

3.1 Impulse and momentum theorem
3.2 Law of conservation of momentum
3.3 Center of mass and laws of motion of the center of mass
3.4 Angular momentum
3.5 Torque
3.6 Angular momentum theorem
3.7 Law of conservation of angular momentum
3.8 Work
3.9 Kinetic energy theorem
3.10 Conservative force and potential energy
3.11 Functional principle and law of conservation of mechanical energy

4 Fixed axis rotation of rigid body

4.1 Motion of rigid bodies
4.2 Kinematic laws of rigid body fixed axis rotation
4.3 Torque of rigid bodies and laws of fixed axis rotation
4.4 Calculation of moment of inertia
4.5 Angular momentum theorem and conservation law of angular momentum for rigid body fixed axis rotation
4.6 Work of torque
4.7 Fixed axis rotational kinetic energy of rigid bodies and kinetic energy theorem
4.8 Summary of rigid body fixed axis rotation

5 Special relativity

5.1 Galilean transformation and absolute spacetime view
5.2 Michelson-Morley experiment
5.3 Basic postulates of special relativity
5.4 Lorentz coordinate transformation
5.5 Lorentz velocity transformation
5.6 Relativity of simultaneity
5.7 Length contraction
5.8 Time dilation
5.9 Relativistic momentum and mass
5.10 Relativistic dynamics equations
5.11 Relativistic kinetic energy and mass-energy relationship
5.12 Relationship between relativistic energy and momentum

6 Vibration

6.1 Basic characteristics and physical quantities of harmonic vibration
6.2 Rotation vector representation of harmonic vibration
6.3 Dynamic equations of harmonic vibration for simple pendulum and complex pendulum
6.4 Energy of harmonic vibration
6.5 Synthesis of harmonic vibrations with the same direction and frequency
6.6 Synthesis and beating of harmonic vibrations with different frequencies in the same vibration direction
6.7 Synthesis of harmonic vibrations of the same frequency with mutually perpendicular vibration directions
6.8 Synthesis of different frequency harmonic vibrations with mutually perpendicular vibration directions

7 Wave

7.1 Generation and propagation of harmonic waves
7.2 Wave function of plane harmonic waves
7.3 Energy of plane harmonic waves
7.4 Wave superposition and interference
7.5 Standing wave
7.6 Huygens' principle of diffraction of waves
7.7 Doppler effect of mechanical waves
7.8 Doppler effect of electromagnetic waves

8 Kinetic theory of gases

8.1 Macroscopic and microscopic
8.2 Molecular thermal motion and statistical laws
8.3 Equation of state for ideal gases
8.4 Pressure of ideal gases
8.5 Temperature of ideal gases
8.6 Equal distribution theorem of energy according to degrees of freedom
8.7 Maxwell's speed distribution function
8.8 Three statistical speeds
8.9 Average collision frequency and mean free path of gas molecules

9 Fundamentals of thermodynamics

9.1 Basic concepts of thermodynamics system equilibrium state, quasi static process
9.2 Work in thermodynamics
9.3 Heat
9.4 Internal energy
9.5 First law of thermodynamics
9.6 Isothermal process of ideal gas
9.7 Isobaric process of ideal gas
9.8 Isothermal process of ideal gas
9.9 Adiabatic process of ideal gas
9.10 Circuital process
9.11 Heat engine and heat engine efficiency
9.12 Refrigerator and refrigeration coefficient
9.13 Carnot cycle and its efficiency
9.14 Reversible and irreversible processes
9.15 The Kelvin and Clausius expressions of the second law of thermodynamics
9.16 Carnot's theorem
9.17 Clausius inequality
9.18 Concept of entropy and calculation of entropy increase
9.19 Entropy increase principle
9.20 The statistical significance of the second law of thermodynamics

10 Electrostatic field in vacuum

10.1 Coulomb's law of charge
10.2 Electric field intensity
10.3 Calculation of electric field intensity
10.4 Electric field lines
10.5 Electric field intensity flux
10.6 Gauss theorem
10.7 Application of Gauss theorem
10.8 The circuital theorem of static electric field
10.9 Electric potential energy
10.10 Potential and potential difference
10.11 Equipotential surface
10.12 Relationship between electric field strength and potential gradient

11 Conductors and dielectrics in electrostatic fields

11.1 Static equilibrium conditions of conductors
11.2 Charge distribution on conductors during electrostatic equilibrium
11.3 Calculation of electrostatic field with conductors
11.4 Conductor shell and electrostatic shielding
11.5 Polarization of dielectrics
11.6 Polarization intensity
11.7 Polarized charge
11.8 Polarization law of dielectric materials
11.9 Electric displacement vector
11.10 Gauss theorem with dielectric
11.11 Capacitance of isolated conductors
11.12 Capacitor
11.13 Electrostatic energy of charge system
11.14 Electrostatic energy of capacitors
11.15 Energy of electrostatic field

12 Steady magnetic field

12.1 Current density
12.2 Steady current and steady electric field
12.3 Electromotive force
12.4 Magnetic field and magnetic induction intensity
12.5 Biot-Savart law
12.6 Application of Biot-Savart's law
12.7 Magnetic field of moving charges
12.8 Magnetic induction line
12.9 Gauss theorem in magnetic flux and magnetic field
12.10 Ampere's circuital theorem for magnetic fields
12.11 Application of Ampere's circuital theorem for magnetic field
12.12 Motion of charged particles in a magnetic field
12.13 Hall effect
12.14 Ampere force on current carrying wires in a magnetic field
12.15 Magnetic moment of current carrying coil in magnetic field
12.16 Magnetic medium in magnetic field
12.17 Magnetization and magnetization current
12.18 Magnetic field strength, Gauss theorem and Ampere's circuital theorem in the presence of magnetic media