ABOUT THE COURSE:This course provides an in-depth understanding of gas turbines & jet engines. It consists of two parts – (a) Analysis of industrial gas turbines (b) Analysis of different types of jet engines. The first part starts from the basics of industrial gas turbines, thermodynamic processes involved, improvements such as regeneration, intercooling, reheating, and additional analysis needed for real cycles. This will be followed by system level analysis of turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, ramjet & scramjet engines. The students will analyze the effect of design parameters on the performance characteristics for each engine along with important components such as diffusers and nozzles.Key Learning Outcomes:> Ability to analyze industrial gas turbines & perform design point calculations> Analyze Turbojet, Turbofan, Turboprop & Ramjet Engines> Calculate Performance Characteristics for Different Jet Engines & Determine Optimum Design ParametersINTENDED AUDIENCE: Undergraduate & Postgraduate Mechanical Engineering students, Aerospace Engineering studentsPREREQUISITES: Basic ThermodynamicsINDUSTRY SUPPORT: GE, Rolls-Royce, Siemens, ISRO, HAL & other aerospace & power organizations

Syllabus

Week 1: Introduction to gas turbines

•What is a gas turbine?
•Working principle of a gas turbine
•Overview of components
•Applications of gas turbine

Learning Outcome: Demonstration of working of a gas turbine
Week 2:Industrial Gas turbine design & performance

•Brayton cycle
•Brayton cycle parameters – efficiency & work output
•Calculation of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Calculate performance characteristics of simple ideal gas turbines
Week 3:Regeneration & reheating

•Brayton cycle with regeneration
•Brayton cycle with reheating
•Combined regeneration & reheating
•Calculation of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Calculate performance characteristics of gas turbines with reheat & regeneration
Week 4:Intercooling in gas turbines

•Intercooled gas turbines
•Combination of reheating, intercooling & regeneration
•Comparison of performance characteristics
•Optimum design parameters

Learning Outcome: Perform comparison of performance characteristics of intercooled, reheat, and regenerative gas turbines
Week 5:Real gas turbine cycles

•Effect of irreversibility – isentropic efficiency
•Effect of kinetic energy – calculation of stagnation properties
•Other deviations – pressure losses, combustion losses, changes in mass flow rate, mechanical losses, variation of specific heat, regenerator effectiveness

Learning Outcome: Analyze real industrial gas turbine systems
Week 6:Basics of jet engine

•What is a jet engine?
•How is it related to industrial gas turbines?
•Evolution of jet engines
•Components and assembly
•Types of jet engines

Learning Outcome: Differentiate turbojets, turbofans, turboprops, and ramjets & scramjets
Week 7:Design & performance of turbojet engine

•Thermodynamic processes
•Propulsive thrust, thrust power & propulsive power, propulsive efficiency, thermal efficiency

Learning Outcome: Calculate thrust & efficiency of turbojets
Week 8:Design & performance of turbojet engine (continued)

•Analysis of diffuser
•Analysis of nozzles
•Choked & unchoked nozzles
•Afterburners
•Calculation of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Analyze turbojet engines, perform thrust calculations for choked and unchoked nozzles & calculate performance characteristics.
Week 9:Design & performance of turbofan engine

•Turbofan processes
•Analysis of fan; Bypass ratio & Fan pressure ratio
•High by-pass & low bypass turbofan
•Determination of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Analyze turbofan engines
Week 10:Design & performance of turbofan engine (continued)

•Unmixed & mixed flow turbofan calculations
•Determination of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Do performance calculations for unmixed & mixed flow turbofan engines
Week 11:Design & performance of turboprop engine

•Turboprop processes & thrust calculation
•Optimum design parameters for maximum thrust
•Determination of performance characteristics

Learning Outcome: Analyze turboprop engines
Week 12:Ramjet & scramjet engines

•Thermodynamic cycle
•Design calculations
•Supersonic combustion

Learning Outcome: Analyze ramjet engines