This lecture by Vivian França from São Paulo State University explores quantum phase transitions in fermionic chains, focusing on the interplay between disorder, interaction, and entanglement. Delivered as part of the São Paulo School of Advanced Science on Disordered Systems at ICTP-SAIFR, the presentation examines how these fundamental quantum properties influence phase transitions in one-dimensional fermionic systems. Learn about cutting-edge research methodologies for tracking and characterizing quantum phase transitions through entanglement measures and other quantum information tools. The talk provides valuable insights for researchers and advanced students interested in quantum many-body physics, condensed matter theory, and quantum information science.