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This lecture from the Quantum Colloquium features Fermi Ma from the Simons Institute presenting groundbreaking research on pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs). Learn about the first proof of PRU existence, which solves a central open question in quantum computing since 2018. Discover how random unitaries are crucial for quantum supremacy experiments, learning algorithms, cryptographic protocols, and modeling chaotic processes like black hole dynamics. The presentation explains why Haar-random unitaries are impractical due to their exponential implementation time, and introduces a novel "path-recording" oracle approach that efficiently simulates queries to Haar-random unitaries with minimal error. The lecture concludes with a panel discussion featuring Douglas Stanford (Stanford), Vinod Vaikuntanathan (MIT), and Henry Yuen (Columbia). Based on joint work with Hsin-Yuan Huang published on arXiv.
