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Learn the comprehensive clinical approach to esophageal and gastric cancers through this detailed medical lecture that combines whiteboard instruction with digital presentations. Explore the pathophysiology of esophageal cancer, distinguishing between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma while examining key risk factors including GERD, Barrett esophagus, smoking, and alcohol use. Master the recognition of hallmark symptoms such as progressive dysphagia and weight loss, then advance through diagnostic evaluation techniques including barium swallow, EGD with biopsy, endoscopic ultrasound, and CT imaging for staging. Understand treatment strategies ranging from endoscopic resection in early disease to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and esophagectomy in advanced cases. Dive into gastric cancer pathophysiology, focusing on intestinal-type adenocarcinoma associated with chronic H. pylori infection and long-standing gastritis. Identify classic clinical features including early satiety, melena, and epigastric discomfort, then navigate the staging process using EGD, biopsy, and imaging studies. Examine treatment decisions including gastrectomy with lymph node dissection and the role of perioperative chemotherapy. Gain practical clinical knowledge through systematic coverage of complications, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based treatment protocols for both cancer types.
