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Explore the theoretical framework of conformal field theories (CFTs) under external magnetic fields in this advanced physics lecture. Delve into how external probes introduce novel observables and provide fresh insights into CFT structure, building upon established examples like CFTs in curved spacetime, finite temperature conditions, and non-zero chemical potential scenarios. Learn to systematically construct low-energy effective actions using symmetry principles as a fundamental tool for this exploration. Focus specifically on three-dimensional CFTs possessing global U(1) symmetry when coupled to background magnetic fields, examining the transition to gapped phases under magnetic field influence. Analyze the associated effective action and its application in defining two-point functions of conserved currents and stress-energy tensors. Master the use of dispersive arguments to derive rigorous constraints on effective action coefficients and understand their implications for physically observable quantities. Gain insights into advanced theoretical physics concepts that bridge conformal field theory with electromagnetic phenomena, presented by Andreas Stergiou from King's College London at the Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques.
