Overview

Over a dozen faculty from UC San Francisco's Schools of Pharmacy, Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry will present on topics including the epidemiology, diagnosis, nutritional strategies for self-management, the role of insulin in managing diabetes, effects of diabetes on oral/dental health, and current research in the field.

Syllabus

Week 1: Introduction, Diagnosis, and Treatment Plans

Review the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diabetes
Describe the different types of diabetes
Review the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and the tests to distinguish type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes
Review the relationship of glycemic control and outcomes, including the prevention or delay of long-term complications
Provide a general treatment algorithm for type 2 diabetes, including glycemic targets and individualization
Describe the general treatment approach to type 1 diabetes

Week 2: Self-Management, Nutrition, Technologies, Behavior Modifications

Review the importance of self-management principles as applied to diabetes care, including problem-solving and SMART goal setting as examples
Review the role of blood glucose monitoring in the self-management of diabetes
Review the role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the management of diabetes
Recognize the National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) toward planning a diabetes education program
Discuss meal planning tips for people with diabetes
Discuss nutrition basics for people with diabetes

Week 3: Pharmacotherapy

Describe the different types of insulins and their time action profiles.
Describe the general treatment approaches for insulin therapy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Describe the use of insulin pumps in type 1 diabetes
Describe the role in therapy of the classes of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes (including sulfonyurea, meglitinides, biguanides , thiazolidinediones, alpha glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and SGLT-2 inhibitors
Review initial drug therapy in type 2 diabetes, how to advance to dual and triple therapy, and transitions to insulin
Review key side effects of diabetes medications, including hypoglycemia, and appropriate management strategies

Week 4: Diabetes and Oral/Dental Health

State the risk for periodontal disease, root caries, tooth loss and impaired wound healing in diabetic patients
Characterize the benefit of non-surgical periodontal therapy toward improved glycemic control
State the effectiveness of adjunctive antibiotic therapy in non-surgical periodontal treatment in diabetic patients
For non-dental health care providers: recognize root caries lesions, describe options toward prevention of root caries, and criteria for referral of patients with root caries
Describe options for assessment and management in patients with extremely poor glycemic control and need for extraction of abscessed teeth
Describe the impact of periodontal infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes and the safety of non-surgical periodontal treatment for women with gestational diabetes

Week 5: Frontiers/New Horizons

Describe the role of T regulatory cells in modulating immune response in diabetes
Define the role of induction of beta cell proliferation both during child development and in adults
Describe the current state of stem cell differentiation for beta cells
Describe future anti-inflammatory options, including those associated with macrophages and lipid metabolism, in type 2 diabetes
Highlight the distinction between brown, beige, and white fat in humans in the pathophysiology and potential treatment of diabetes