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Philosophy and Religion in the West

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Overview

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In these 32 lectures, explore thousands of years of deep reflection and brilliant debate over the nature of God, the human self, and the world. It's a debate that serves as a vivid introduction to the rich and complex history shared by the West's central religious and philosophical traditions. What is the ultimate reality? What can we know about it - or what should we believe about it? How do our questions and thoughts, our hopes and fears, relate us to it? Is this ultimate reality a person whom we meet, or an object that we contemplate? To learn how these and other crucial questions have been discussed over the past three millennia is to enter the core of our intellectual heritage - to find the origin of some of our deepest perplexities and most cherished aspirations. By the end of the final lecture, you'll have gained a new or sharpened fluency in issues that include the historical interaction between philosophical and religious traditions; the philosophical origin of certain key religious concepts, such as the immortality of the soul; the most prominent philosophical criticisms of religion; the classic proofs that have been attempted of the existence of God; and the reasons why many religious thinkers of the 20th century are suspicious of the alliances between philosophy and religion. Whether you're a believer, a seeker (or both), you'll find much to spark your deepest ponderings in these talks on the long and rich interplay between faith and reason.

Syllabus

  • Introduction—Philosophy and Religion as Traditions
  • Plato's Inquiries—The Gods and the Good
  • Plato's Spirituality—The Immortal Soul and the Other World
  • Aristotle and Plato—Cosmos, Contemplation, and Happiness
  • Plotinus—Neoplatonism and the Ultimate Unity of All
  • The Jewish Scriptures—Life With the God of Israel
  • Platonist Philosophy and Scriptural Religion
  • The New Testament—Life in Christ
  • Rabbinic Judaism—Israel and the Torah
  • Church Fathers—The Logos Made Flesh
  • The Development of Christian Platonism
  • Jewish Rationalism and Mysticism—Maimonides and Kabbalah
  • Classical Theism—Proofs and Attributes of God
  • Medieval Christian Theology—Nature and Grace
  • Late-Medieval Nominalism and Christian Mysticism
  • Protestantism—Problems of Grace
  • Descartes, Locke, and the Crisis of Modernity
  • Leibniz and Theodicy
  • Hume's Critique of Religion
  • Kant—Reason Limited to Experience
  • Kant—Morality as the Basis of Religion
  • Schleiermacher—Feeling as the Basis of Religion
  • Hegel—A Philosophical History of Religion
  • Marx and the Hermeneutics of Suspicion
  • Kierkegaard—Existentialism and the Leap of Faith
  • Nietzsche—Critic of Christian Morality
  • Neo-orthodoxy—The Subject and Object of Faith
  • Encountering the Biblical Other—Buber and Levinas
  • Process Philosophy—God in Time
  • Logical Empiricism and the Meaning of Religion
  • Reformed Epistemology and the Rationality of Belief
  • Conclusion—Philosophy and Religion Today

Taught by

Phillip Cary

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