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NPTEL

Advanced Distribution System Analysis and Operation

NPTEL via Swayam

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Overview

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ABOUT THE COURSE:This course provides a comprehensive exploration of modern distribution networks, covering key areas such as the fundamentals of network design, integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER), load flow analysis, and optimal power flow (OPF). It delves into enhancing reliability and resiliency and examines the coordination between transmission and distribution systems. Advanced topics include the use of AI for intelligent control, fault analysis, and protection in DER-integrated systems, as well as automation for network restoration. Additionally, the course highlights the critical role of cyber-physical systems in ensuring grid security and monitoring. Further, mathematical formulations to solve such challenges are described and validated with real-time data and software demonstrations. The practical implications and applications of these modules include optimizing energy efficiency, integrating renewable energy sources, enhancing grid reliability and resilience, improving fault detection and response, and securing modern digitalized power systems, all of which are essential for adapting to the evolving needs of power distribution in Metro, Urban/Semi-Urban, and rural locations of India.INTENDED AUDIENCE: 10000 (UG 4th year students, PG, and PhD research scholars, industry personnel, power system operators, distribution network operators, faculty members from private and government academic institutes etc.)PREREQUISITES: Course 1: Distribution Network AnalysisCourse 2: Power System Operation and ControlCourse 3: Smart Grid TechnologiesCourse 4: Computer-Aided Power System AnalysisCourse 5: Artificial Intelligence and Soft ComputingINDUSTRY SUPPORT: State Power Distribution companies, DISCOMs Private sector: ABB, Schneider, Siemens, Tata Power, GE, BSES Rajdhani, Adani Electricity, Reliance Power, CESC etc. and all private sectors dealing with renewable energy and distribution networks

Syllabus

Week 1: Module 1: Fundamentals of Power Distribution Networks
  • Introduction to power distribution networks
  • Difference between power transmission and distribution networks
  • The architecture of distribution networks
  • Impacts of distributed energy resources (DERs) on distribution grids
  • DER hosting capacity assessment
  • Operational challenges associated with DER integrated distribution networks

Week 2:Module 2: DER Integrated Distribution Network Modeling
  • Distribution network circuit elements and theirfunctionalities
  • Modeling and operation of DERs
  • Load and volt-VAR controlling device models
  • Bus injection model of distribution networks
  • Branch flow model of distribution networks

Week 3:Module 2: DER Integrated Distribution Network Modeling
  • Modeling of unbalancing effects in distribution networks
  • Model relaxation techniques
  • Simplified linear model of distribution grid
  • Example models of DERs and distribution grids in the OpenDSS platform
Module 3: DER Integrated Distribution Network Load Flow Analysis
  • Introduction to distribution network load flow
  • Sparsity quantification of radial, weakly meshed, and ring distribution networks

Week 4:Module 3: DER Integrated Distribution Network Load Flow Analysis
  • Graphical load flow analysis of DER integrated distribution networks
  • Load flow analysis with different load models
  • Three-phase power flow with unbalanced DER penetration
  • Example of load flow solution in OpenDSS platform
Module 4: Distribution Network Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Analysis
  • Introduction to OPF analysis
  • Different OPF control approaches

Week 5:Module 4: Distribution Network Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Analysis
  • Mathematical formulation of OPF problems
  • Three-phase OPF formulation and computational challenges
  • Convex relaxation and exactness analysis
  • Centralized and distributed algorithms for OPF solution
  • Multi-period OPF and solution methods
  • Uncertainty quantification and overview of probabilistic OPF

Week 6:Module 4: Distribution Network Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Analysis
  • Overview of commercial OPF solvers
  • Case study demonstration of OPF algorithms and validation in OpenDSS
Module 5: Distribution Network Reliability
  • Introduction to reliability analysis
  • Probabilistic failure analysis of network components
  • Reliability metrics
  • Value of loss load calculation
  • System reliability enhancement technologies

Week 7:Module 5: Distribution Network Reliability
  • Case study demonstration
Module 6: Transmission-Distribution (T&D) Interaction
  • Concept of distribution system operator (DSO)
  • Bidding mechanism for DSOs
  • Ancillary support from distribution grids to transmission networks
  • T&D market mechanism
  • Transmission-distribution co-simulation framework
  • Case study demonstration on T&D interaction

Week 8:Module 7: Artificial Intelligence Enabled Control of Distribution Network
  • Introduction to AI and its scope in distribution network control
  • Physics informed neural network for OPF problem
  • Markov decision process for smart inverter coordination and control
  • Deep reinforcement learning for demand response
  • Case study demonstration and validation

Week 9:Module 8: DER Integrated Distribution Network Fault Analysis and Protection
  • Impact of DER integration on fault currents
  • Fault detection and classification: classical and AI-based methods
  • Relay coordination algorithms
  • Outage management system
  • Fault ride through operation of DERs
  • Case study demonstration

Week 10:Module 9: Distribution Network Resiliency
  • Introduction to resiliency
  • Causes of distribution system failure
  • Impact of extreme weather events on distribution grids
  • Fragility analysis of distribution network circuit elements
  • Predictive and corrective measures to enhance system resiliency
  • Grid hardening methods and case studies

Week 11:Module 10: Distribution Network Automation and Restoration Study
  • Overview of advanced distribution management systems (ADMS)
  • Smart Meters and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
  • Time-synchronized data measurement and PMU operation
  • Distribution network reconfiguration
  • Model-based network restoration
  • Centralized and distributed methods for critical load restoration
  • Case study demonstration

Week 12:Module 11: Cyber-Physical Layers in Distribution Systems
  • Communication requirements in distribution network operation
  • Communication network architecture and mediums
  • Communication non-idealities and their models
  • Smart meter data flow quantification and analysis
  • Centralized and distributed data sharing
  • Impact of missing data and its analysis
  • Cyber threats and their impact analysis
  • Cyber-physical co-simulation framework and case studies

Taught by

Prof .Narayana Prasad Padhy, Prof. Subho Paul

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