Explore the fascinating world of active matter in this 47-minute lecture by Sriram Ramaswamy from the PCS Institute for Basic Science. Delve into the unique properties of active systems, which are composed of constituents that convert free energy into systematic movement. Discover how these self-driven materials challenge the established rules of equilibrium matter in intriguing and potentially useful ways. Examine recent findings on the collective properties of active systems, with a particular focus on the roles of inertia, chirality, and non-reciprocality. Gain insights into the hydrodynamics of active matter and its implications for various fields of study.