Explore quantum interactions between atoms and light in this conference talk from the New Perspectives in Many-body Physics with Quantum Optical Systems conference, delivered by Stanford's Benjamin Lev at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. Delve into cutting-edge experimental platforms including dense atomic media, nanophotonic interfaces, and quantum electrodynamical circuits coupled to superconducting qubits. Examine the unique complexities emerging from engineered light dispersion relations, reduced system dimensionality, and non-perturbative multiple light scattering. Learn about quantum-optical spin glasses and associative memories while gaining insights from this 45-minute presentation that brings together diverse perspectives from experimentalists and researchers in quantum optics, Rydberg atom arrays, ultracold molecules, and superconducting qubits for quantum computing.