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Learn about Spars, a revolutionary parallelized operating system rendering service designed to address performance bottlenecks in modern smart-device operating systems like Android, iOS, and OpenHarmony in this 16-minute conference presentation from OSDI '25. Discover how researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Huawei have tackled the challenge of low frame rates in highly scalable display scenarios such as foldable and multiple screens by transforming the traditionally sequential rendering model into a parallelizable architecture. Explore the innovative approach inspired by out-of-order execution with in-order commit principles from computer architecture, which enables the system to generate self-contained rendering tasks through in-order preparation, execute them out-of-order to maximize multi-core parallelism, and commit them in-order to maintain drawing order dependencies. Examine comprehensive evaluation results demonstrating average frame rate improvements of 1.76×–1.91× across state-of-the-art devices including single-screen, dual-fold, and tri-fold smartphones (Mate 70, X5, XT) and one-chip-multiple-screen configurations, while achieving 3.0% reduction in power consumption or enabling 2.31× increase in graphics primitives budget for enhanced visual effects at stable frame rates.
