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Explore the eastward shift of mathematical focus after the decline of Greek mathematics in this 23-minute lecture on number theory and algebra in Asia. Delve into Chinese, Indian, and Arab mathematical contributions, including the development of the Hindu-Arabic number system, Pell's equation, the Chinese remainder theorem, and algebraic advancements. Discover how astronomical observations, particularly planetary motion, drove progress in trigonometry and spherical trigonometry. Learn about influential mathematicians such as Sun Zi, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara I and II, al-Khwarizmi, al-Biruni, and Omar Khayyam. Examine Baghdad's role as a center of learning and the eventual advocacy of Hindu-Arabic numerals by Leonardo of Pisa in 1200, shaping the number system we use today.
