Introduction to Optical Wireless Communications for Beyond 5G Networks and IoT

Optical communication is a modern communication system that uses light signals to transmit information through an optical fiber. It mainly uses a light source such as LED or LASER, an optical fiber as the transmission medium, and a photodetector at the receiver end.

This technology works on the principle of total internal reflection, which allows light to travel long distances inside the fiber with very low loss. Compared to electrical communication systems, optical communication provides high bandwidth, low attenuation, high data rate, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and secure transmission.

Today, optical communication is widely used in telecommunication networks, internet services, cable TV transmission, and long-distance communication systems.