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Explore the cutting-edge technique of hydrogen intensity mapping for cosmological research in this 40-minute conference talk delivered at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. Learn how neutral hydrogen (HI) intensity mapping serves as a powerful probe for understanding large-scale structure formation and cosmic evolution. Discover the theoretical foundations behind this observational method, which measures the integrated emission from unresolved hydrogen sources across vast cosmic volumes to trace the distribution of matter in the universe. Examine the advantages of HI intensity mapping over traditional galaxy surveys, including its ability to probe higher redshifts and larger volumes with greater efficiency. Understand the technical challenges involved in extracting cosmological signals from intensity mapping data, including foreground contamination removal and systematic effects mitigation. Investigate how this technique can be combined with other cosmological probes such as cosmic microwave background observations and optical surveys to enhance our understanding of dark energy, dark matter, and the expansion history of the universe. Gain insights into current and future HI intensity mapping experiments and their potential to revolutionize our knowledge of cosmic structure formation and fundamental cosmological parameters.
