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Explore the fundamentals and modern applications of optimal transport theory in this mathematical lecture delivered by Alessio Figalli from ETH Zurich. Discover how Gaspard Monge's 18th-century question about the most efficient way to move objects has evolved into a versatile mathematical framework with applications spanning economics, data science, and natural sciences. Learn the core principles of optimal transport theory through an accessible presentation that demonstrates how this elegant mathematical tool tackles complex "moving" problems across various scales. Examine fascinating real-world applications that illustrate why optimal transport has become a central tool in contemporary mathematics and interdisciplinary research. Gain insights into how this mathematical theory bridges pure mathematics with practical applications in diverse fields, making it an essential framework for understanding optimization problems in modern science and technology.
