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Explore the critical intersection of advanced semiconductor technology and geopolitics in this 40-minute conference talk from the 38th Chaos Communication Congress (38C3). Delve into how recent machine learning breakthroughs have accelerated demand for cutting-edge computing chips, with particular focus on Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography—the revolutionary fabrication method enabling ultra-miniaturized, high-performance devices. Follow the complete journey from raw material refinement of ultrapure quartz through wafer production to nanometer-scale circuit creation, all accomplished at industrial scale. Understand how the complex global supply chain for these advanced chips has become a focal point of international tension and competition, with nations increasingly viewing semiconductor production capabilities as essential to technological sovereignty. Presented by Thorsten Hellert, this accessible talk examines both the sophisticated physics behind modern chip fabrication and its profound implications for global power dynamics in the digital age.
