ABOUT THE COURSE:Introduction to Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry broadly covers the study of drugs of natural origin concerning their source, preparation, phytochemistry, extraction, and applications. In this course,phytoconstituents are classified based on their chemical structures with examples of medicinal plants containing them. The course elaborates on phytochemical classes such as lipids, carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, resins, flavonoids, and carotenoids with respect to their occurrence, properties, extraction and applications. The various qualitative and quantitative methods of quality control will be described.INTENDED AUDIENCE: Students pursuing Diploma in Pharmacy, B. Pharmacy, B.Tech, B.Sc, M.Sc, BAMSPREREQUISITES: HSC (Chemistry and Biology), Diploma in Pharmacy, BSc (Botany)INDUSTRY SUPPORT: iChess Extracts Pvt. Ltd, Himalaya Wellness Company, Sami-Sabinsa Group

Syllabus

Week 1: Introduction to Pharmacognosy:Drugs of Natural Origin-Organized and Unorganized Examples of drugs obtained from Traditional Medicine Introduction to primary and secondary metabolites
Week 2:Lipid-based drugs:Fixed oils, fats, waxes, volatile oil Occurrence, properties, preparation, evaluation, and application of ipid-containing drugs- Castor oil, Sesame oil, Karanja oil, Coconut oil, Beeswax, Carnuba wax, Mint Oil, Clove Oil etc.Extraction methods for Volatile oils from plant sources Case study: Clove Oil
Week 3:Carbohydrate-based drugs:Sources, preparation, and applications of drugs containing of Gums, Mucilage, Starches, and fructans- Acacia, Agar, Pectin, Inulin etc.Extraction of starches from plant sources
Week 4:Tannins:Definition, Classification, Sources, Extraction, Purification, and Applications of tannin-containing drugs – Catechu, Nutgalls, Harda, Amla, Myrobalans etc.
Week 5:Alkaloids:Definition, classification, properties, occurrence, and applications of alkaloidal drugs- Opium, Belladona, Pepper, Vinca etc.
Week 6:Extraction Methods and Analysis of Alkaloidal Drugs
Week 7:Glycosides:Definition, classification, properties, occurrence, and applications of the following classes of glycosides- Anthraquinone- Aloes, Senna, Cardiac- Digitalis Cyanogenetic- Bitter Almond Isothiocyanate- Mustard
Week 8: Carotenoids:Definition, classification, sources, properties and applications of Astaxanthin, Lutein, Lycopene, Bixin, Crocin.
Week 9:FlavonoidsOccurrence, Classification, Application, and Evaluation of flavonoids containing drugs- Orange, Liquorice, Grape Peel, Buckwheat etc.Extraction of Flavonoids
Week 10:Resin and Resin combinations:Occurrence, Classification, Preparation, Application, and Evaluation of resin-containing drugs- Asafoetida, Podophyllum, Turmeric, Ginger. Guggul etc.Quality Control Methods for Herbal Drugs:Quantitative and Qualitative methods
Week 11:Quality Control Methods for Herbal Drugs:Quantitative and Qualitative methods
Week 12:Application of natural product databases for phytochemical search and prediction of properties:Plant: TKDL, Knapsack database, Dr. Dukes Database, PhytohubPhytoconstituents: ZINC natural product database, LOTUS, COCONUT Online etc.Phytochemical properties and ADME: Swiss ADME, SEA database etc