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Kotlin was designed and developed by JetBrains, the company behind IntelliJ. It is a language that runs on the JVM which can target versions 6+ (including the Android platform). JetBrains wanted to use a statically typed language which can remove Java boilerplate code, provide modern functional paradigms, and had seamless two-way Java interoperability with their existing codebase. The JVM already had alternate languages like Groovy and Scala but neither fit the bill with their desired criteria, so they built Kotlin.