Overview

This course provides a comprehensive introduction to electrocardiography (ECG), focusing on the principles of ECG interpretation and the recognition of cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Learners will begin by exploring the fundamentals of ECG recording, including lead placement, waveform components, and measurement techniques. Core topics cover the cardiac conduction system, normal sinus rhythm, and common dysrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, flutter, bradycardia, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart blocks. Through detailed explanations, ECG strip analysis, and guided examples, learners will develop the ability to identify normal and abnormal patterns, interpret rhythm disturbances, and understand their physiological basis. The course also introduces clinical considerations for recognizing life-threatening arrhythmias and appropriate initial responses in nursing contexts. Designed for clarity and practical application, this course builds confidence in reading and interpreting ECGs across healthcare settings.

Syllabus

The Basics of ECG Strips

This module introduces students to the fundamental principles of electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation, providing a systematic approach to analyzing cardiac rhythms. Students will explore the basic components of an ECG strip, including amplitude measurements and the isoelectric line as reference points for waveform analysis. The module emphasizes a step-by-step methodology for ECG interpretation: assessing heart rate and rhythm, analyzing P waves, measuring PR intervals and QRS duration, examining ST segments and T waves, and measuring QT intervals. Students will learn to recognize normal sinus rhythm and understand proper ECG lead placement considerations, including anatomical landmarks for both 5-lead and 12-lead ECG systems. Through this systematic introduction, learners will develop the foundational skills necessary to accurately interpret ECG strips, recognize normal cardiac electrical activity, and prepare for identifying abnormal rhythms in clinical practice.

Analysis of Abnormal ECG Strips

This module prepares students to identify and understand clinically significant cardiac dysrhythmias and their appropriate management. Students will explore atrial dysrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, premature atrial contractions (PAC), and atrial flutter, learning to distinguish their characteristic ECG patterns and treatment approaches. The module covers paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, along with their specific management strategies. Students will examine sinus dysrhythmias including bradycardia and tachycardia, life-threatening ventricular rhythms such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, and their emergency treatments. The module also addresses atrioventricular (AV) blocks from first through third degree, as well as asystole and its management. Through this comprehensive exploration, learners will develop critical ECG interpretation skills necessary to recognize dangerous cardiac rhythms, understand their clinical implications, and respond appropriately in acute care situations.